Publications
Welcome to The Embodied Emotion Laboratory's list of publications. We will try to update this page every few months. PDFs are available for most of our papers. Each click represents you contacting us for a personal copy of our published work.
Dharia, S. Y., Liu, Q., Smith, S. D., & Valderrama, C. E. (2026). Dual-transformer cross-attention framework for Alzheimer’s Disease detection via dPTE-guided EEG channel selection and multi-modal integration. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 112, 108390.
This paper used novel machine learning techniques to investigate neural activity related to Alzheimer’s disease.
Dharia, S. Y., Fredborg, B. K., Desroches, A. S., Liu, Q., & Valderrama, C. E., & Smith, S. D., (2025). Fractal complexity of resting-state EEG as a biomarker for the Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR). IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 29, 8751-8758.
This paper was the first resting-state EEG study of ASMR. We demonstrated that machine learning could be used to differentiate brain activity of people who experience ASMR and those who do not.
Hojjati, M., Dharia, S. Y., Camorlinga, S. G., Smith, S. D., Desroches, A. S., & Brenneman, B. D. (2025). Using machine learning to model EEG-derived brain activity during emotion regulation. Proceedings of the Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference.
This paper involved a machine-learning analysis of EEG data measured during emotion regulation. We showed that machine learning could classify brain activity based on whether emotion regulation was successful or unsuccessful.
McQuarrie, A. M., Smith, S. D., & Jakobson, L. S. (2025). Exploring the links between childhood emotional abuse and empathy: The mediating roles of alexithymia and sensory processing sensitivity. Acta Psychologica, 255, 104903. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104903
This paper used questionnaire data to show that empathy deficits are related to experiencing emotional abuse, but that this relationship is mediated by alexithymia and sensory processing sensitivity.
Hostler, T. J., Poerio, G. L., Nadar, C., Mank, S., Lin, A. C., Villena- González, M., Lemera ASMR, Sharon Shares ASMR, Yoloma ASMR, Moongem ASMR, Plutzik, N., Ahuja, N. K., Baker, D. H., Bannister, S., Barratt, E. L., Bedwell, S. A., Billot, P.-E., Blakey, E. Cardini, F., Cash, D. K., Davis, N. J., Del Sette, B. M., Erfanian, M., Flockton, J. R., Fredborg, B. K., Gillmeister, H., Gray, E., Haigh, S. M., Heisick, L. L., Janik McErlena, A., Klausen, H. B., Kondo, H. M., Maas, F., Maurand, L. T., McKay, L. S., Mozzoni, M., Navyte, G., Otega-Balderas, J. A., Palmer-Cooper, E. C., Richard, C. A. H., Roberts, N., Romei, V., Schoeller, F., Shaw, S. D., Simner, J., Smith, S. D., Specker, E., Succi, A., Valtakari, N. V., Weiheimer, J., & Zehetgruber, J. (2024). Research priorities for autonomous sensory meridian response: An interdisciplinary Delphi study. Multisensory Research, 37, 499-528. doi: 10.1163/22134808-bja10136.
This paper was (obviously) a collaborative effort by researchers and ASMRists to set a research agenda for future ASMR investigations.
Dharia, S. Y., Hojjati, M., Camorlinga, S. G., Smith, S. D., & Desroches, A. S. (2024). Leveraging machine learning and threshold-free cluster enhancement to unravel perception of emotion and implied movement. Proceedings 2024 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI), Houston, TX, USA, pp. 1-8. doi: 10.1109/BHI62660.2024.10913664.
This was the first machine-learning paper from the lab. We examined whether it was possible to use machine-learning to differentiate the EEG activity associated with the perception of emotional stimuli that implied movement, emotional stimuli without movement, neutral stimuli that implied movement, and neutral stimuli with no movement.
MacKay, C, Desroches, A. S., & Smith, S. D. (2024). The effects of emotional valence and implied motion on neural responses to images: An event-related potential study. Cognitive Neuroscience, 15, 1-11. doi: 10.1080/17588928.2024.2313597
In this event-related potentials (ERP) paper, we examined whether the late positive potential (LPP) was sensitive to whether images were emotional stimuli that implied movement, emotional stimuli without movement, neutral stimuli that implied movement, and neutral stimuli with no movement.
Jakobson, L. S., McQuarrie, A. M., Van Landeghem, C., & Smith, S. D. (2024). Traits linked to sensory processing sensitivity mediate the relationship between externally oriented thinking and fantasizing. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1354120. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1354120
In this paper, we combined multiple data sets to examine the links between sensory processing sensitivity, alexithymia, and participants' ability to visualize their thoughts.
McQuarrie, A. M., Smith S. D., & Jacobson, L. S. (2023). Alexithymia and sensory processing sensitivity account for unique variance in the prediction of emotional contagion and empathy Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1072783. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1072783
In this paper, graduate student Amanda McQuarrie examined how alexithymia and sensory processing sensitivity influence emotional contagion (as measured by participants' ratings of emotional video clips).
Kornelsen, J., Fredborg, B. K., & Smith, S.D. (2023). Structural differences in the cortex of individuals who experience the autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR). Brain and Behavior, 13, e2894. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2894
This was the first publication to show structural brain differences associated with autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR).
Parkinson, T. D., & Smith, S. D. (2023). The effects of yoga experience on emotional and cognitive variables associated with psychological well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 999130. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.999130
In this paper, the relationship between emotion and bodily feedback was investigated by examining the subjective well-being of yoga practitioners. This is an ironic topic for the lab given that Steve was once mocked by a yoga instructor for being so inflexible. (Yoga instructors aren't supposed to do that...)
Kilborn, K., Smith, S. D., & Clark, J. (2022). The role of anomalous perception in autonomous sensory meridian response. Psychology of Consciousness: Research, Theory, and Practice, 11, 527-541. doi: 10.1037/cns0000322
In this survey study, we investigated whether individuals who experience autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) are also more likely to experience other atypical conscious states (e.g., mild hallucinations).
Smith, S. D., Kolesar, T. A., Fredborg, B. F., & Kornelsen, J. (2022). Tingles down the spinal cord: A spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of the autonomous sensory meridian response. Perception, 51, 514-517. doi: 10.1177/03010066221098964
This paper is the only study to use fMRI to measure spinal cord activity during ASMR. ASMR tingles have a neural correlate in the spinal cord.
Smith, S. D., Nadeau, C., Sorokopud-Jones, M., & Kornelsen, J. (2022). Resting-state functional connectivity associated with self-reported interoceptive sensibility. Brain Connectivity, 12, 417-431. doi: 10.1089/brain.2020.0777
In this study, we examined whether differences in sensitivity to interoceptive information (as measured by the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) questionnaire) were associated with differences in functional connectivity (as measured by both seed-based analyses and ICA).
Kruger, T., Dixon, M. J., Graydon, C., Larche, C. J., Stange, M., Smith, S. D., & Smilek, D. (2022). Contrasting mind-wandering, (dark) flow, and affect during multiline and single-line slot machine play. Journal of Gambling Studies, 38, 185-203. doi: 10.1007/s10899-021-10027
In this experiment, conducted with colleagues at the University of Waterloo, we examined the tendency of gamblers to enter flow states while playing multiline slot machines.
Smith, S. D., & Kornelsen, J. (2021). Functional connectivity associated with individual differences on the emotional attentional blink task. NeuroImage: Reports, 1, 100065.
In this paper, my colleague Jen Kornelsen and I examined the relationship between between functional connectivity and individual differences in the degree to which emotional stimuli capture and hold attention.
Tchajkova, N., Ethans, K., & Smith, S. D. (2021). Inside the lived perspective of life after spinal cord injury: a qualitative study of the desire to live and not live, including with assisted dying. Spinal Cord, 59, 485-492. doi: 10.1038/s41393-021-00619-3
This research was conducted with physicians in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the University of Manitoba. Here, we examined how spinal cord injuries, which obviously influence emotional feedback to the body, influence different emotional experiences. We also examined how attitudes toward medical assistance in dying (MAiD) changes over the course of post-injury treatment(s).
Fredborg, B., K., Champagne-Jorgensen, K., Desroches, A. S., & Smith, S. D. (2021). An electroencephalographic examination of the autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR). Consciousness & Cognition, 87, 103053. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2020.103053.
This paper presents the first ever electroencephalography (EEG) study of autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR). Both of the student authors on this project went on to receive PhDs. Dr. Fredborg is now a faculty member at the University of Winnipeg.
Smith, S. D., Fredborg, B. K., & Kornelsen, J. (2020). Functional connectivity associated with five different categories of autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) triggers. Consciousness & Cognition, 85, 103021. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2020.103021.
In this paper, we used ICA to examine how individual differences in sensitivity to different ASMR triggers were related to differences in the functional connectivity of several resting-state networks in the brain.
Kruger, T. B., Dixon, M. J., Graydon, C., Stange, M., Larche, C. J., Smith, S. D., & Smilek, D. (2020). Using deliberate mind-wandering to escape negative mood states: Implications for gambling to escape. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9, 723-733. doi: 10.1556/2006.2020.00067
This was the second paper that came out of a collaboration with researchers at the University of Waterloo (including a former teammate in back-to-back campus rec A-division soccer championships).
Dixon, M. J., Gutierrez, J., Larche, C. J., Stange, M., Graydon, C., Kruger, T. B., & Smith, S. D. (2019). Reward reactivity and dark flow in slot-machine gambling: “Light” and “dark” routes to enjoyment. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 8, 489-498. doi: 10.1556/2006.8.2019.38
Mike Dixon at the University of Waterloo performs interesting research investigating the cognitive mechanisms of gambling. He is particularly interested in 'dark flow' states, times in which people become completely absorbed performing activities that are maladaptive. This paper was sponsored by a grant from the Manitoba Gambling Research Program.
Smith, S. D., Fredborg, B. K., & Kornelsen, J. (2019). Atypical functional connectivity associated with Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR): An examination of five resting-state networks. Brain Connectivity, 9, 508-518. doi: 10.1089/brain.2018.0618
In this paper (my personal favourite), we examined how the functional connectivity of five different resting-state networks differs between people who experience ASMR and those who do not. We provided initial evidence suggesting that networks are "cross-wired" in individuals who experience ASMR.
Smith, S. D., Fredborg, B. K., & Kornelsen, J. (2019). A functional MRI investigation of the autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR). PeerJ, 7, e7122. doi:10.7717/peerj.7122
In this task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we compared brain activity elicited by ASMR-eliciting stimuli and neutral stimuli. We found evidence that ASMR is related to attention, but did not find expected activity in reward centres.
Parkinson, T. D., Kornelsen, J., & Smith, S. D. (2019). Trait mindfulness and functional connectivity in cognitive and attentional resting state networks. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 13, 112. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00112
This publication was spear-headed by Tracie Parkinson as part of her MA work at the University of Manitoba. We examined how functional connectivity of resting-state networks varied as a function of scores on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire.
Curby, K. M., Smith, S. D., Moerel, D., & Dyson, A. (2018). The cost of facing fear: Visual working memory is impaired for faces wearing fearful expressions. British Journal of Psychology, 110, 428-448. doi:10.1111/bjop.12324
Visual short-term memory is quite fleeting (as you would expect from the name). In this study, we examined how fearful faces were stored in VSTM. This work was performed by Dr. Kim Curby at Macquarie University in Australia (and my former jogging buddy when we were younger).
Smith, S. D., Kolesar, T. A., & Kornelsen, J. (2018). Lateralized brainstem and cervical spinal cord responses to aversive sounds: a spinal fMRI study. Brain Sciences, 8, e165. doi: 10.3390/brainsci8090165
In this experiment, we used spinal fMRI to assess whether emotional sounds (from the International Affective Digitized Sounds database) elicited activity in the cervical spinal cord. This research was particularly interesting to perform because we needed to use speakers rather than headphones to present the stimuli. We *blasted* emotional sounds like car crashes, screams, and swarms of bees into the scanner. The sounds escaped the scanner room, however, and "entertained" people in the MRI waiting room.
Wilson, A. D., Kolesar, T. A., Kornelsen, J., & Smith, S. D. (2018). Neural responses to consciously and unconsciously perceived emotional faces: A spinal fMRI Study. Brain Sciences, 8, e156. doi: 10.3390/brainsci8080156.
In previous research, we had shown that emotional stimuli elicited activity in spinal cord neurons. In this spinal fMRI study, we showed that participants did not even have to be consciously aware of the stimuli for this emotion-dependent activity to occur.
Fredborg, B. K., Clark, J., & Smith, S. D. (2018). Mindfulness and Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR). PeerJ, 6, e5414. doi:10.7717/peerj.5414
In this survey study, the lab looked at the relationship between ASMR and mindfulness (as measured by the Mindful Attentional Awareness Scale and the Toronto Mindfulness Scale).
Bilevicius, E., Kolesar, T. A., Smith, S. D., Trapnell, P., & Kornelsen, J. (2018). Trait emotional empathy and resting state functional connectivity: Alterations in default mode, salience, and central executive networks. Brain Sciences, 8, 128. doi:10.3390/brainsci8070128
This resting-state fMRI analysis was conducted by two (stellar) students working with Dr. Jen Kornelsen at the University of Manitoba. Empathy was measured using a number of individual self-report items used in a larger survey study.
Bilevicius, E., Smith, S. D., & Kornelsen, J. (2018). Resting state network functional connectivity patterns associated with trait mindfulness. Brain Connectivity, 8, 40-48. doi: 10.1089/brain.2017.0520
In this study, students completed the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS) prior to undergoing a resting-state fMRI scan. Analyses were conducted by an amazing research assistant in Dr. Jen Kornelsen's lab at the University of Manitoba who later went on to complete her PhD in clinical psychology.
Smith, S. D., Kornelsen, J., & McIver, T. A. (2018). Generating facial expressions of disgust activates neurons in the thoracic spinal cord: An fMRI study. Social Neuroscience, 13, 328-332. doi:10.1080/17470919.2017.1324811
This research was the first to show that the emotional faces that one makes can influence activity not just in the brain, but in the spinal cord as well. This suggests that facial expressions may be part of a broader emotional "action preparedness" that involves the entire nervous system.
Smith, S. D., Fredborg, B. K., & Kornelsen, J. (2017). An examination of the default mode network in individuals with Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR). Social Neuroscience, 12, 361-365. doi:10.1080/17470919.2016.1188851
This was the first even neuroimaging study of the autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR).
Fredborg, B. K., Clark, J., & Smith, S. D. (2017). The big five personality traits and Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR). Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 247. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00247
In this survey study, we examined whether individuals with ASMR differed from non-ASMR participants on their scores for the Big Five personality traits (openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism). The surprising results showed that individuals with ASMR were less agreeable and more neurotic than their counterparts.
Kolesar, T. A., Kornelsen, J., & Smith, S. D. (2017). Separating neural activity associated with emotion and implied motion: An fMRI study. Emotion, 17, 131-140.
In what was definitely the most elaborate Honours thesis in lab history, Tiffany Kolesar created a stimulus set consisting of emotional images that implied movement (e.g., a punch), emotional images that did not imply movement (e.g., a car crash), neutral images that implied movement (e.g., throwing a ball), and neutral images that did not imply movement (e.g., a car). After pilot testing the images, we performed an fMRI study to measure brain activity for the four stimulus types. And yes, she got an A+ and won the best thesis award... She now has a PhD in Physiology.
Kornelsen, J., Smith, S. D., & McIver, T. A. (2015). A neural correlate of visceral emotional responses: Evidence from fMRI of the thoracic spinal cord. Social, Cognitive, and Affective Neuroscience, 10, 584-588.
This paper was the first evidence that fMRI can detect emotion-dependent responses in the thoracic region of the spinal cord.
Sboto-Frankenstein, U. N., Lazar, T., Bolster, R. B., Thind, S., Gervai, P., Gruwel, M. L. H., & Smith, S. D. (2014). Symmetry of the fornix using diffusion tensor imaging. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 40, 929-936.
As part of a larger project, we collected diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. This paper focuses on the fornix, which receives information from the hippocampus.
Hildebrand, K. D., & Smith, S. D. (2014). Attentional biases toward humor: Separate effects of incongruity detection and resolution. Motivation and Emotion, 38, 287-296.
The student co-author of this paper wanted to do emotion research, but wanted to study a positive topic. So, she created and pilot tested an entire stimulus set and then ran her Honours thesis study. It was an incredible amount of work for an undergraduate thesis, so I'm happy that it got published.
Garcia-Campuzon, M.-T., Virues-Ortega, J., Smith, S. D., & Moussavi, Z. (2013). Effect of cognitive training targeting associate memory in the elderly: A small randomized trial and a longitudinal evaluation. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 61, 2252-2254.
This was a very short paper looking at new ways to improve memory in the elderly. The lab would return to this topic, albeit with a greater focus on emotion regulation than memory, almost a decade later. Time flies....
McIver, T. A., Kornelsen, J., & Smith, S. D. (2013). Limb-specific emotional modulation of cervical spinal cord neurons. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 13, 464-472.
This paper was based on an undergraduate Honours thesis project conducted by Theresa McIver (who received her PhD from Queen's University). Theresa created a data set of emotional and neutral images depicting hand and foot movements. We then performed a spinal fMRI study assessing whether hand images would elicit more activity in the cervical spinal cord (which innervates the upper limbs) than foot images. They did, and the effect was larger for emotional images than neutral ones.
Schweizer, T. A., Li, L., Fischer, C., Alexander, M. P., Smith, S. D., Graham, S., & Fornazarri, L. (2013). From the thalamus with love: Neuroplasticity, emotion, and the origins of synesthesia. Neurology, 51, 509-510.
Following a stroke, a Toronto man developed synesthesia. He also experienced sensations that he described as “orgasmic” when he heard the brass music from the James Bond theme. “Come quickly, Bond.”
Edmiston, E., McHugo, M., Dukic, M., Smith, S. D., Abou-Khalil, B., Eggers, E., & Zald, D. H. (2013). Enhanced visual cortical activation for emotional stimuli is preserved in patients with unilateral amygdala resection. The Journal of Neuroscience, 33, 11023-11031.
Viewing emotional stimuli leads to enhanced activity in extrastriate regions; this effect, which was thought to be mediated by the amygdala, still occurs in patients with unilateral amygdala damage.
Kornelsen, J., Smith, S. D., McIver, T. A., Sboto-Frankenstein, Latta, P., Yin, D., & Tomanek, B. (2013). Functional MRI of the thoracic spinal cord during vibration sensation. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 37, 981-985.
This was one of the first fMRI studies to measure activity in the thoracic spinal cord, the thinnest part of the spinal cord.
Smith, S. D., McIver, T. A., Di Nella, M. S. J., & Crease, M. L. (2011). The effects of valence and arousal on the emotional modulation of time perception: Evidence for multiple stages of processing. Emotion, 11, 1305-1313.
In a paper with three student co-authors, we tested the effects of emotion on the subjective experience of time. Rather than focusing on longer durations (e.g., 2-4 seconds), we included additional blocks of trials that examined much faster durations (which might be more sensitive to modulation by the amygdala).
Piech, R. M., McHugo, M., Smith, S. D., Dukic, M. S., Van Der Meer, J., Abou-Khalil, B., Most, S. B., & Zald, D. H. (2011). Attentional capture by emotional stimuli is preserved in patients with amygdala lesions. Neuropsychologia, 49, 3314-3319.
Previous research has shown that the amygdala is critical for fear perception. However, in this paper, we showed that emotional stimuli still capture attention in patients with unilateral amygdala damage.
Smith, S. D., & Kornelsen, J. (2011). Emotion-dependent responses in spinal cord neurons: A spinal fMRI study. NeuroImage, 58, 269-274.
This paper provided the first evidence of emotion-dependent activity in the spinal cord. It was also the first paper published with Dr. Jen Kornelsen, now in the Department of Radiology at the University of Manitoba. We have over 20 publications together.
Piech, R. M., McHugo, M., Smith, S. D., Dukic, M. S., Van Der Meer, J., Abou-Khalil, B., & Zald, D. H. (2010). Fear-enhanced visual search persists after amygdala lesions. Neuropsychologia, 48, 3430-3435.
Although the amygdala is thought to be critical for the perception of fear, patients with unilateral amygdala damage still showed enhanced visual search for fear-related stimuli.
Juruena, M. F., Giampietro, V. P., Smith, S. D., Surguladze, S. A., Dalton, J. A., Benson, P. J., Cleare, A. J., & Fu, C. H.Y. (2010). Amygdala responsivity to masked happy and sad facial expressions. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 16, 383-387.
In this fMRI, we showed that unconsciously perceived happy and sad faces still elicit activity in the amygdala.
Hakyemez, H. S., Dagher, A., Smith, S. D., & Zald, D. H. (2008). Striatal dopamine transmission in healthy humans during a passive monetary reward task. NeuroImage, 39, 2058-2065.
Using PET, we showed that passively viewing a roulette wheel that produces monetary wins led to greater dopamine release than non-monetary or novelty conditions.
Most, S. B., Smith, S. D., Levy, B., Cooter, A. B., & Zald, D. H. (2007). The naked truth: Appetitive distractors impair rapid target perception. Cognition & Emotion, 21, 964-981.
In this study, we showed that “positive” (erotic) emotional images capture and hold attention, even if people are motivated (by $50) to not be affected by these images. This research was conducted at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, TN.
Smith, S. D., Most, S. B., Newsome, L. A., & Zald, D. H. (2006). An emotional blink of attention elicited by aversively conditioned stimuli. Emotion, 6, 523-527.
Previous research has shown that emotional stimuli capture and hold attention. In this paper, we showed that neutral images paired with an aversive noise can show similar effects in a later emotional attentional blink task. This research was conducted at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, TN.
Smith, S. D., & Bulman-Fleming, M. B. (2006). Hemispheric asymmetries for the conscious and unconscious perception of emotional words. Laterality, 11, 304-330.
In this paper, we tested whether different viewing characteristics (rapid presentations vs. stimuli presented in close temporal proximity) altered hemispheric asymmetries for unconsciously perceived words. This research was conducted at the University of Waterloo.
Smith, S. D., Dixon, M. J., Bulman-Fleming, M. B., Birch, C., Laudi, N., & Wagar, B. M. (2005). Experience with a category alters hemispheric asymmetries for the detection of anomalies. Neuropsychologia, 43, 1911-1915.
In this study, we examined the idea that the right hemisphere of the brain is superior to the left hemisphere at detecting anomalies in objects. We specifically examined whether this asymmetry is influenced with previous experience with the categories of objects being judged.
Smith, S. D., & Bulman-Fleming, M. B. (2005). An examination of the Right-Hemisphere Hypothesis of the lateralization of emotion. Brain and Cognition, 57, 210-213.
The two hemispheres of the brain perform slightly different emotional functions. In this experiment, we examined whether the right-hemisphere hypothesis of this asymmetry applied to unconsciously perceived stimuli. This research was conducted at the University of Waterloo.
Smith, S. D., Bulman-Fleming, M. B. (2004). A hemispheric asymmetry for the unconscious perception of emotion. Brain and Cognition, 55, 452-457.
In this paper, we used an exclusion task to assess whether there were hemispheric differences for the unconscious perception of visual stimuli. We found a right-hemisphere advantage for unconscious, but not conscious, perception. This research was conducted at the University of Waterloo.
Smith, S. D., Dixon, M. J., Tays, W. J., & Bulman-Fleming, M. B. (2004). Anomaly detection in the right hemisphere: The influence of visuospatial factors. Brain and Cognition, 55, 458-462.
This paper examines how visuospatial skills relate to the right-hemisphere superiority for detecting visual anomalies. This research was conducted at the Univerity of Waterloo.
Smith, S. D., Tays, W. J., Dixon, M. J., & Bulman-Fleming, M. B. (2002). The right hemisphere as an anomaly-detector: Evidence from visual perception. Brain and Cognition, 48, 574-579.
This paper tested the idea that the right hemisphere of the brain is more sensitive to visual anomalies than the left hemisphere. I got the idea for this study while reading the V. S. Ramachandran book Phantoms in the Brain. This research was conducted at the University of Waterloo. [Note: for this .pdf, go to page 33 of the file].
Schweizer, T. A., Dixon, M. J., Desmarais, G., & Smith, S. D. (2002). Not all triads are created equal: Further support for the importance of visual and semantic proximity in object identification. Brain and Cognition 48, 537-541.
This paper examined stimulus characteristics associated with study category-specific visual agnosia. This research was conducted at the Universty of Waterloo. [Note: please go to page 33 of the attached .pdf to read this article.]